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The concept of turning your passion into a vocation, making a living doing something you love, easily generates two opposing viewpoints. I wouldn’t say I’ve had a privileged upbringing, but it depends on the perspective. I had the freedom to explore a variety to activities to help nurture my mind, soul and body. As a kid, I explored computer programming, music performance, acting, summer camp, karate, Little League baseball, and even tennis lessons. This alone is enough to make people less fortunate scoff at the futility of my time while growing up. I could have lived in a developing country where kids have no choice but work so their families could survive day-to-day.

In an effort to develop artists, one recurring theme always present in my activities was the idea that life provided endless opportunities. There was no need to be resigned to an unsatisfying job, working for money rather than soul satisfaction. With enough education and practice, everyone would have a chance to find a way to earn money doing something with passion, an activity that was more than just “work.”

To characterize the two perspective, one would say that everyone, at least those with sufficient resources, can find a way to sustain a family while pursuing a passion completely. The other perspective takes the position that following a passion is a luxury and most people would be better off finding a job that pays the bills right away and looking for passion elsewhere, like with hobbies or family.

I wrote about pursuing my passion six years ago. I mentioned that I was stuck in a rut and was still trying to determine what my “dream job” would be. I went on to spend five more years working for a corporation in a job I had little interest. At the time, I didn’t really consider Consumerism Commentary a business. I didn’t consider it my passion, either. I never desired to be a writer or a publisher, but an interesting theme running through the last twenty years of my life has been building communities, particularly online, and that is a bigger passion for me than writing.

With a less personal approach, I suggested starting the decade off right by doing something you love.

I wouldn’t have been able to pursue Consumerism Commentary if I wasn’t already meeting my baser needs. I started this website after I had already started moving in the right financial direction, with a new income at a corporate job ready to help me pay off my debt and save for the future. If I had been struggling to find affordable shelter and scrounging for food, I’d have greater concerns than finding a web server.

Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of NeedsWhen considering the idea of following a passion, particularly if that passion doesn’t naturally coincide with a potentially high-paying career like mathematics or engineering, I find that Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is an appropriate metaphor. Following your passion is related most to the top of the pyramid, self-actualization. All the issues pertaining to the levels below self-actualization must be met before a quest to reach one’s full potential can be moderately successful. Because of these pre-requisites, paving one’s own way to create a successful life that doesn’t rely on typical social structures (like corporations) is rare.

Once physiological needs like food, water, and shelter are met, the next needs pertain to safety: having sufficient finances, job security, and health security. A good portion of the middle class doesn’t really get past this stage of needs. Living paycheck-to-paycheck keeps the lower middle class unfulfilled. The upper middle class may not have money that could be used in an emergency other than the wealth locked in the value of their primary residence, or those who do have emergency funds would not be able to live off savings for a year to pursue a financially risky endeavor. The working class relies on employers and rarely sets out to build their own business, again due to risk.

To get past this second stage, you need to be in a position where worrying about finances is unnecessary. When there is little concern about whether you can afford to fail, you have the opportunity to try different approaches to life-sustaining pursuits of your passion.

In my work with non-profit organizations, I noticed that many people involved with activities were not in a financial situation where they needed to worry about finance. If the organization failed to provide a paycheck one week due to the company’s negative cash flow, they didn’t start a riot. If you’re “independently wealthy” the paycheck from one week to another is not the main concern, and you have the ability to take some risk in order to spend the bulk of your waking life working with your passion. If you’ve retired from your former career and just looking for a good way to spend the last few decades of your life doing something meaningful, and if you’re done raising a family and paying for a house, you have the flexibility to work for little or volunteer without concern about moving up the corporate ladder. If your spouse brings in the money and you’re only working to keep yourself from going insane alone in the house, your options are wide open.

When I was working for the non-profit, I was in a significantly different financial position, and this was a message I had some difficulty getting through to the executives. Then again, why should I receive preferential treatment of any sort when the rest of the employees were happy with the poor financial situation within the company. In the end, I made some sacrifices in my living situation and other expenses to make things work a little better, but I was also sacrificing my future financial stability. My following a passion early on in my career, I was skipping over the more basic needs like a safe living environment and financial security while seeking higher-order fulfillment. It didn’t work out so well for me.

While it’s good to persuade young students to follow their passion — and this is a great topic for motivational speakers for adults as well — it’s more important to look at any particular individual before condoning leaving reason behind to search out a living following a passion. For some, the risk of financial failure could be a good motivational tool for bringing about success while following a passion, but for others, it’s nothing more than false hope and results in a delay in building a solid financial foundation.

Abraham Maslow

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After noticing, month after month, that I include the value of my 2004 Honda Civic in my monthly net worth updates, a reader wrote in to Consumerism Commentary to ask why I haven’t given into my desires and purchased something newer or more exciting. I’ve had a bit of a storied past with cars, but in my current, more responsible era of my life I’ve been sailing through without any car problems, and saving money in the process.

I had been driving a Honda Civic I purchased used, but after receiving the car back from a relative, it never operated the same. In 2004, I accepted a teaching position and I needed a reliable car to drive to the school every day. The old Civic, at 160,000 miles, just wasn’t as reliable as I needed it to be. Since my necessity to avoid breaking down was my new first priority, I decided to sell the old Civic and buy a new one. As the 2005 models were arriving, I purchased a brand new Civic.

Typical financial advice at the time was to always buy a used car. With Civics, which were said to operate great beyond 200,000 miles if cared for well, there was just a small price difference between a slightly used car and a brand new car was. For the extra one or two years of worry-free driving at the beginning of ownership, the extra money seemed to be worthwhile to me. I bought a 2004 Honda Civic around the time the 2005 models were arriving, so I was already getting a slight discount on the new car. I took out a loan (outside the financial industry) at an interest rate of 2% to finance the purchase.

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This is one of my biggest financial mistakes. My failure to learn some basic skills and my willful ignorance of the trouble I was in cost me thousands of dollars and major inconveniences.

When I was younger, I didn’t have that much of a positive track record with cars. In high school after receiving my license and throughout college, I drove my parents’ car, but I drove infrequently and was never really responsible for maintaining the car. After I graduated with a bachelor’s degree in music education and found my first teaching position, I needed a car. My parents were kind enough to buy me one as a graduation gift — a 12-year old Toyota Celica in good enough condition.

Well, I made a stupid mistake, though it’s a mistake that befalls many people who don’t take the time to learn about basic car maintenance when owning their first car. I never added any oil to the engine, and certainly never changed the oil. Even if the 3,000 mile “standard” for changing oil is too aggressive for modern cars, letting the motor run dry will quickly damage the car. The mistake of not learning the bare minimum for owning a car got me into trouble.

I replaced the motor after it was destroyed and the car ran well for another few years, but I made more mistakes. These were of a more financial nature. My car seemed to attract police, who seemed almost delighted to pull me over for speeding.

Although it had a rebuilt motor, the Celica was unreliable. Before it was completely undrivable, I used it to trade in for a slightly used car, a Honda Civic, and a three-year loan to make the purchase more affordable for me. I might have changed my driving habits, or the car might not have attracted police as much, but I was pulled over less frequently for speeding. But I continued to ignore the tickets.

Although speeding tickets are expensive and I had no money, it would have been more manageable in the end had I paid the fines and moved on. I was working for a non-profit, and I was broke. For some reason, I thought my life would be better if I stuck my head in the sand and ignored the tickets and fines. I was also moving around a lot in this period of my life, and I didn’t receive notices from the DMV letting me know my license was suspended for my failure to pay these fines. Since I didn’t know my license was suspended, I kept driving, blissfully ignorant of the situation I was in.

One day, soon after I left the non-profit job I had after my short stint teaching after college, a police offer pulled me over for speeding. Since my license was suspended, they impounded my car. My biggest concern was no longer finding a new job, it was determining if and how I could avoid jail time. Good news: I didn’t go to jail.

From this point on, I needed to redesign my life so that I could survive without a car. This was soon after I left the non-profit job I started after teaching, and I was in the process of looking for a new teaching position. My search was on hold because there weren’t many schools in New Jersey I’d be able to travel to without a vehicle. I did find a job, working for a financial company, and moved somewhere that would allow me to have a convenient commute using mass transportation. I gave up my Civic to a relative.

Eventually, I had my license reinstated and the relative returned the Civic. As a result of my problems, though, I still had large auto insurance bills that plagued me for years. Through this debacle, I learned a few lessons about responsibility. Today I can look back and be glad I’ve been able to make better choices this past decade.

Here are some things I’ve taken away from my earlier mistakes, and maybe they’ll be appropriate for you.

  • When you first get a car, learn how to take care of it.
  • When someone sends you a bill, don’t ignore it.
  • If police are involved, take care of the problem as soon as possible.
  • If you owe money to the courts, it’s not going away, and it could become a legal issue.
  • If you have no money to pay traffic fines, find the money.
  • Keep your address current and on file with the division of motor vehicles.
  • Don’t speed.

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As a very last resort, employees with active 401(k) retirement accounts have an option to take out a loan against their future. Borrowing money is never a good position to be in, but if you’re borrowing money from yourself, you ease the pain. 401(k) plans permit borrowing at interest, and paying interest to yourself can help improve your finances in retirement.

The existence of a 401(k) account is often used as an excuse for not creating an emergency fund; if a loan is available at any time, why settle for low high-yield savings accounts when your money could be put to better use? This isn’t a valid argument as elucidated by the dangerous drawbacks of 401(k) loans.

Most people who take out 401(k) loans stop contributing new earnings to their 401(k) plans. Not only is the withdrawn loan not earning more or increasing value in your retirement account, you’re not adding new investments.

One of the most popular emergencies requiring more cash is the loss of a job. If you lose your job, you won’t be able to take a loan from your 401(k). Additionally, if you already have a 401(k) loan when you lose your job, it will be due within 60 days or less. At the same time you need cash, you’ll need to pay back your loan or suffer income taxes plus a 10% penalty. According to a recent study by Aon Consulting, 70 percent of workers who lose their jobs while having an active 401(k) loan default on that loan (pdf).

Even if the 401(k) loan is paid back in full, there’s another drawback. The interest on the loan is considered income, and therefore taxed, twice. When you pay interest back to the 401(k) account, it is paid with your regular income, which would be included on your tax return as taxable income. Once that interest is in your 401(k) account, it is mixed in with the before-tax contributions, if your loan was from the before-tax portion of your 401(k). When you retire and you withdraw your funds, the full amount of your before-tax contributions and their earnings will be subject to income tax. You could also argue that the principal portion of the loan payback amounts are taxed twice as well, because a 401(k) loan payback is not considered tax-advantaged and does not reduce your taxable income like a 401(k) contribution.

Congress is currently mulling legislation to limit 401(k) loans. If the law passes as it currently stands in bill form, employees could only take three loans against their 401(k) at a time. Repeated borrowing just sounds like trouble. The law would allow employees to continue contributing to 401(k)s while a loan is outstanding. I would think if any extra money is available, it would be better served paying off the loan rather than making new investments. I suppose it could be more tax efficient this way, but paying off debt should be a priority, even if the borrower is the same individual as the lender. Third, the law would ban 401(k) accounts from issuing debit cards that allow investors to use retirement funds as a transaction account. This sounds reasonable.

Some 401(k) plans might be more restrictive than the law. In most cases, borrowing from a 401(k) is just a bad idea. It’s tempting in emergencies, though, particularly for households that have not been able to create an emergency fund. A 401(k) loan should be a last resort. If you get stuck and are unable to pay the loan, the government takes a big chunk. On a $10,000 loan, assuming 25% federal taxes, 5% state taxes, and a 10% penalty, you’ll only be able to keep $6,000.

Have you or would you borrow from your own 401(k)?

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Should We Discourage Some Students From Attending College?

by Flexo

Pair a recession with escalating college tuition prices and the result is overall skepticism of post-secondary education. As the public begins to question the long-term viability of investing in the stock market after a crash, they criticize the perceived value of a degree when the job market is difficult and loans are oppressive. There is ... Continue reading this article…

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3 Aspects of Your Finances You Can Control

by Flexo
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Some things are beyond our control, and having a happy and fulfilling life requires accepting those things we cannot change. It’s possible, however, to control more than we believe we can. Right before I first started on my journey of getting my life and finances in shape, I left a low-paying job that depleted my ... Continue reading this article…

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Is it Time to Buy a House?

by Flexo
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If you ask a Realtor or a national association of individuals within that profession whether now is the perfect time to buy a house, they would say yes. Of course, their answer was yes a year ago, when average prices were low, and their answer was yes a few years ago, when average prices were ... Continue reading this article…

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Life After Salary: Structure and Motivation

by Flexo
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Time management has never been my strength. I like working at my own pace, and the certain working structures, like deadlines, tend to annoy me rather than motivate me. It’s no wonder I’m excited about leaving a job with a typical standardized nine-to-five schedule. I allow myself distractions and breaks and often procrastinate. Despite this, ... Continue reading this article…

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Frugality is Bad For the Economy

by Flexo
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The concept of frugality has permeated mainstream personal finance in the past few years. That’s understandable, given the state of the economy. For many who have been personally affected, following the loss of income or a job, this frugality is a forced approach. People are looking for ways to save money because they have less ... Continue reading this article…

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Your Opinion: Is Debt Slavery?

by Flexo
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I’ve written several times on Consumerism Commentary, and other people have written and said many times as well, that debt is slavery. In fact, there is a popular book on the topic aptly titled, Debt is Slavery. It’s a convenient metaphor; if slavery is working without the benefit of enjoying the fruits of your labor, ... Continue reading this article…

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6 Money and Life Lessons From the Chilean Miners

by Flexo

The world cheered as the thirty-three miners trapped a half-mile underground in Chile for more than two months were pulled aboveground to safety. The rescue mission was a fantastic success. Aside from the miners, no one can be happier for their survival of the ordeal than their families. Mining is a risky profession even when ... Continue reading this article…

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Is a Graduate Degree Worthwhile or Worthless?

by Flexo

Several years ago, I decided to take advantage of an opportunity to pursue a master’s degree in business. I had been working in finance for a while, and as someone who believes in lifelong education, I figured it wouldn’t hurt to obtain an MBA. I took the relatively unpopular route of pursuing a degree where ... Continue reading this article…

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Pet Ownership: A Financial and Emotional Responsibility

by Flexo

My household has almost always included pets. First, let me establish the true hierarchy. It’s very clear when you live with one cat or more that they own the place, and we humans are only permitted to share living space with them because we provide food and shelter. The only years I’ve lived in a ... Continue reading this article…

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The Quest For a Balanced Life

by Flexo

A person feels most at peace with his or herself when the major aspects of life are balanced. We look at workaholics and overachievers and wonder about all the interesting or wonderful parts of life they may be missing. My first boss was a workaholic and overachiever, and he had trouble understanding that not everyone ... Continue reading this article…

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How I Earn Side Income From (Mostly) Blogging

by Flexo

Subscribe to Consumerism Commentary by adding our RSS feed to your favorite reading software. As you know I’ve been writing for Consumerism Commentary since 2003. I’ve been blogging, or chronologically updating websites, since 1994 or 1995, at that time running a web server called “Winhttpd” from the computer in my dorm room. My university did ... Continue reading this article…

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Getting a Better and Cheaper Shave

by Flexo

One successful retail business model is the concept in which a company sells a main device at a discounted price while the necessary, refillable or replaceable supplies for that device are sold at a premium. One example is the ink-jet or laser printer; the printers are generally priced to be bargains, occasionally included for free ... Continue reading this article…

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Automation Moderation: Don’t Let The Machines Control Your Money!

by Flexo

Over the course of thousands of years, the character of money has gone through various metamorphoses. Bartering was the chief method members of a society acquired their individual needs until they developed shortcuts. Since that first shortcut, societies haven’t stopped creating more shortcuts, further separating the method of acquiring something from those things that are ... Continue reading this article…

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10 Ways to Boost Your Human Capital

by Flexo

There’s something satisfying when looking at a bank statement. I know firsthand that this is more true when your balance is positive. The bottom line is a hard number; if it says $100, you know exactly how much money you have. The net worth, at least the way I count mine, is just as hard ... Continue reading this article…

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When Your Friends Become Social Sellers and Multi-Level Marketers

by Flexo

I can’t completely fault companies like Amway, Mary Kay, and Lia Sophia. They know that friendship results in two important qualities: trust and guilt. These two qualities are important to companies because they make the process of selling products much easier. I find it relatively easy to politely decline — and hang up on if ... Continue reading this article…

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How To Handle Requests For Financial Advice

by Flexo

I don’t have to remind myself that I’m not an expert when it comes to money. While my choices have improved over the past few years, I still make mistakes at about the same rate I always have. Even recently, I thought I could outsmart the public and take advantage of Toyota’s recent bad news. ... Continue reading this article…

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